Aly Ibn Abi Talib (May Allah be pleased with him) was the cousin of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) as well as his son-in-law, as he was the husband of Al Sayeda Fatima the daughter Prophet Mohammad (PBUH).
He embraced Islam at the age of nine, to be the first boy to accept Islam.
Once Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) told him:
"You [Aly] are my brother in this world and the next."
How Did Aly Embrace Islam?
One night Aly saw the Prophet (PBUH) and his wife Al Sayeda Khadijah bowing and prostrating. He asked Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) about what were they doing. The Prophet told him that they were praying to Allah The Most High and that he also should accept Islam and start praying. Aly said that he would first like to ask his father about it. Aly didn't sleep that night, and in the morning he went to the Prophet (PBUH) and said, "When God created me He did not consult my father, so why should I consult my father in order to serve God?" and he testified that there is no god but Allah, and that Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) is the Messenger of Allah (accepted Islam).
When the Divine command came, "And warn thy nearest relatives" [The Holy Qur'an 26:214], Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) invited his relatives for a meal. After they finished, he addressed them and asked, "Who will join me in the cause of God?" At first nobody answered, and then Aly Ibn Abi Taleb stood up saying "I am the youngest of all present here, "My eyes trouble me because they are sore and my legs are thin and weak, but I shall join you and help you in whatever way I can." The rest started laughing.
During the difficult wars in Mecca, Aly stood by these words and faced all the hardships to which the Muslims were subjected. He slept in the bed of the Prophet (PBUH) when the Quraysh tribe plotted to murder Prophet Mohammad (PBUH). He was the one who Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) trusted, although he was young at that time.
Aly has a special place in Prophet Mohammad's heart, to the extent that he called Aly by many fond names. Once the Prophet knew that Aly and his daughter Fatima had a fight, he went looking for Aly and found him sleeping in the dust. He brushed off Aly's clothes and said fondly, "Wake up, Abu Turab (Father of Dust)."
Ali was known for his bravery. He took participated in most of the battles that were waged against Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) and the Islam in general. It is said that in the Battle of Uhud Aly (May Allah be pleased with him) received more than sixteen wounds. The Prophet gave him the title of 'Asadullah' ('Lion of God').
Aly's Knowledge:
Aly's modesty, austerity, piety, deep knowledge of the Qur'an and his wisdom gave him great distinction among the Prophet's Companions. Abu Bakr, Omar and Othman used to consult him frequently during their caliphates. Many times Omar had made him his vice-regent at Madinah when he was away.
Aly was also a great scholar of Arabic literature and pioneered in the field of grammar and rhetoric. His speeches, sermons and letters stood as models of literary expression for generations afterward. Many of his wise and epigrammatic sayings have been preserved. Moreover Aly had a rich and versatile personality. In spite of his talents and achievements, he was a modest and humble man. Once during his caliphate when he was going about the marketplace, a man stood up in respect and followed him. "Do not do it," said Aly. "Such manners are a temptation for a ruler and a disgrace for the ruled." He and his wife Fatima (Daughter of Prophet Mohammad 'PBUH') lived extremely simple and austere life, yet they never asked for help. Aly's plain, austere style of living did not change even when he was ruler over a vast domain.
His Migration:
Ibn Is'haq said:
"And (Aly) was the last of the Muslims to arrive in Madinah because the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) ordered Aly to stay behind and sleep in his bed (in order to deceive the pagan Arabs of the Quraysh and delay their pursuit of the Prophet (PBUH).
The Virtues of Aly:
The companion Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said:
"On the day of The Battle of Khaibar, Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) said:
"Tomorrow I will give this flag to a man through whose hands Allah will give us victory. He loves Allah and His Messenger, and he is loved by Allah and His Messenger."
People remained that night wondering who is going to take(the flag. In the morning the people went to Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) and every one of them was hopeful to receive (the flag).
Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) said: "Where is Aly Ibn Abi Talib?" It was said: "O Messenger of Allah he is suffering from eye trouble." He said: "Send for him." Aly was brought and Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) spat in his eye and invoked good upon him and Aly was cured. Then the Prophet (PBUH) gave him the flag. Aly said: "I will fight them until they become like us."
Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) said:
"Proceed and do not hurry. When you enter their territory, call them to embrace Islam and inform them of Allah's rights which they should observe, for by Allah, even if a single man is led on the right path (of Islam) by Allah through you, then that will be better for you than the nice red camels."
Aly's Assassination:
A fanatical group called Kharijites claimed that neither Aly, the Caliph, nor Mu'awiya, the ruler of Syria, nor Amr bin al-Aas, the ruler of Egypt, were worthy of rule. In fact, they went so far as to say that the true caliphate came to an end with Omar and that Muslims should live without any ruler over them except God. They vowed to kill all three rulers, and assassins were dispatched in three directions.
The assassins who were deputed to kill Mu'awiya and Amr did not succeed and were captured and executed, but Ibn-e-Muljim, the assassin who was commissioned to kill Aly Ibn Abi Taleb, succeeded in his mission. One morning while Aly was praying in a mosque, Ibn-e-Muljim stabbed him with a poisoned knife. On the 20th of Ramadan, 40 A.H. died the last of the Rightly Guided Caliphs of Islam, Aly Ibn Abi Taleb. May God Most High be pleased with him and grant to him His eternal reward.
Source: Muslim Students AssociationHe embraced Islam at the age of nine, to be the first boy to accept Islam.
Once Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) told him:
"You [Aly] are my brother in this world and the next."
How Did Aly Embrace Islam?
One night Aly saw the Prophet (PBUH) and his wife Al Sayeda Khadijah bowing and prostrating. He asked Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) about what were they doing. The Prophet told him that they were praying to Allah The Most High and that he also should accept Islam and start praying. Aly said that he would first like to ask his father about it. Aly didn't sleep that night, and in the morning he went to the Prophet (PBUH) and said, "When God created me He did not consult my father, so why should I consult my father in order to serve God?" and he testified that there is no god but Allah, and that Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) is the Messenger of Allah (accepted Islam).
When the Divine command came, "And warn thy nearest relatives" [The Holy Qur'an 26:214], Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) invited his relatives for a meal. After they finished, he addressed them and asked, "Who will join me in the cause of God?" At first nobody answered, and then Aly Ibn Abi Taleb stood up saying "I am the youngest of all present here, "My eyes trouble me because they are sore and my legs are thin and weak, but I shall join you and help you in whatever way I can." The rest started laughing.
During the difficult wars in Mecca, Aly stood by these words and faced all the hardships to which the Muslims were subjected. He slept in the bed of the Prophet (PBUH) when the Quraysh tribe plotted to murder Prophet Mohammad (PBUH). He was the one who Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) trusted, although he was young at that time.
Aly has a special place in Prophet Mohammad's heart, to the extent that he called Aly by many fond names. Once the Prophet knew that Aly and his daughter Fatima had a fight, he went looking for Aly and found him sleeping in the dust. He brushed off Aly's clothes and said fondly, "Wake up, Abu Turab (Father of Dust)."
Ali was known for his bravery. He took participated in most of the battles that were waged against Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) and the Islam in general. It is said that in the Battle of Uhud Aly (May Allah be pleased with him) received more than sixteen wounds. The Prophet gave him the title of 'Asadullah' ('Lion of God').
Aly's Knowledge:
Aly's modesty, austerity, piety, deep knowledge of the Qur'an and his wisdom gave him great distinction among the Prophet's Companions. Abu Bakr, Omar and Othman used to consult him frequently during their caliphates. Many times Omar had made him his vice-regent at Madinah when he was away.
Aly was also a great scholar of Arabic literature and pioneered in the field of grammar and rhetoric. His speeches, sermons and letters stood as models of literary expression for generations afterward. Many of his wise and epigrammatic sayings have been preserved. Moreover Aly had a rich and versatile personality. In spite of his talents and achievements, he was a modest and humble man. Once during his caliphate when he was going about the marketplace, a man stood up in respect and followed him. "Do not do it," said Aly. "Such manners are a temptation for a ruler and a disgrace for the ruled." He and his wife Fatima (Daughter of Prophet Mohammad 'PBUH') lived extremely simple and austere life, yet they never asked for help. Aly's plain, austere style of living did not change even when he was ruler over a vast domain.
His Migration:
Ibn Is'haq said:
"And (Aly) was the last of the Muslims to arrive in Madinah because the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) ordered Aly to stay behind and sleep in his bed (in order to deceive the pagan Arabs of the Quraysh and delay their pursuit of the Prophet (PBUH).
The Virtues of Aly:
The companion Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said:
"On the day of The Battle of Khaibar, Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) said:
"Tomorrow I will give this flag to a man through whose hands Allah will give us victory. He loves Allah and His Messenger, and he is loved by Allah and His Messenger."
People remained that night wondering who is going to take(the flag. In the morning the people went to Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) and every one of them was hopeful to receive (the flag).
Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) said: "Where is Aly Ibn Abi Talib?" It was said: "O Messenger of Allah he is suffering from eye trouble." He said: "Send for him." Aly was brought and Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) spat in his eye and invoked good upon him and Aly was cured. Then the Prophet (PBUH) gave him the flag. Aly said: "I will fight them until they become like us."
Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) said:
"Proceed and do not hurry. When you enter their territory, call them to embrace Islam and inform them of Allah's rights which they should observe, for by Allah, even if a single man is led on the right path (of Islam) by Allah through you, then that will be better for you than the nice red camels."
Aly's Assassination:
A fanatical group called Kharijites claimed that neither Aly, the Caliph, nor Mu'awiya, the ruler of Syria, nor Amr bin al-Aas, the ruler of Egypt, were worthy of rule. In fact, they went so far as to say that the true caliphate came to an end with Omar and that Muslims should live without any ruler over them except God. They vowed to kill all three rulers, and assassins were dispatched in three directions.
The assassins who were deputed to kill Mu'awiya and Amr did not succeed and were captured and executed, but Ibn-e-Muljim, the assassin who was commissioned to kill Aly Ibn Abi Taleb, succeeded in his mission. One morning while Aly was praying in a mosque, Ibn-e-Muljim stabbed him with a poisoned knife. On the 20th of Ramadan, 40 A.H. died the last of the Rightly Guided Caliphs of Islam, Aly Ibn Abi Taleb. May God Most High be pleased with him and grant to him His eternal reward.
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