Leader Sheikh Hassan Al Bannah [or Al-Banna, edt.] (1905- 49), one of the most prominent Egyptian Islamic scholars, and the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood group.
H
assan al-Bannah was a man of modest background; he was born in Mahmudeyya in northern Egypt in 1905, and graduated from the famous Al-Azhar University in Cairo.
Sheikh Hassan memorised the Qur'an at a very young age and eventually joined the Teachers Training Centre where after a three-year course he came first in his final examinations. He was admitted to Cairo University despite his young age, and that was because of his intelligence and breadth of knowledge.
The main inspiration that formed his religious involvement was from the 'Al Manar' magazine, which used to publish the writings of Muhammad Rashid Rida.
At the age of 21 Sheikh Hassan took the job of a teacher within a state school. In March 1928, the Imam, his brother and five others gathered at his house and swore to live and die for Islam. The foundation for the Muslim Brotherhood (Jama'at al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun) had now been laid. Initially it was a moderate one in its instruments, but changes in the political climate and reorientations in its ideology, made the Brotherhood active and involved in the Muslim countries' political concerns, from the late 1940's.
The first Brotherhood was basically a group of young men, stressing moral and social reform, promoting this through education and propaganda.
Al Bannah was also active writer. He wrote memoirs, as well as numerous articles and speeches preaching Muslims and trying to put them on the right path.
"Letter to a Muslim Student"
Among his most important books is "Letter to a Muslim Student". In this book, the dynamics and principles of the Ikhwan (Muslim Brotherhood) are explained: Hassan al-Bannah's greatest achievement was his ability to create a sophisticated, organisational structure aiming to translate his vision into real life. However what distinguishes the Ikhwan (Muslim Brotherhood) from other groups which were established in the twenties and afterwards is the former's holistic approach. The Muslim Brotherhood group was not merely a social, political or religious association or group, but a blend of all these. It was described by antagonists as a state within a state. By 1934, the Muslim Brotherhood had formed more than fifty branches in Egypt. They set up numerous schools, mosques and factories. At the end of World War Two, the Muslim Brotherhood had over half a million active members and around twice as many supporters (some sources say around 3 million).
The British used to ask Sheikh Hassan for tea, and always complimented him on his good character and his welfare work for the poor, the orphans and the widows. They explained that the world was very fragile and that Egypt must be built into a modern and prosperous state. They assumed that it was in the Muslim Brotherhood interest to get assistance from the British.
Al Bannah listened patiently, and then told the Ambassador that Egypt and all its money belong only to Egyptian people and that Britain's time in Egypt was coming to an end. Al Bannah was exiled to Upper Egypt in 1948. The Egyptian government of Al Noqrashi Pasha banned the Muslim Brotherhood despite the organisation having sent thousands of fighters in the war against Israel. A journalist asked Al Bannah about the ban and he replied: "...when words are banned, hands make their move." Shortly afterwards the Prime Minister was killed and the Muslim Brotherhood was accused in the case. In the following months the properties of the movement were confiscated and thousands of youth were imprisoned.
When Hassan al-Ban
nah was asked about why he commenced the work of da'wah (Islamic preaching), he answered: "Only Allah knows how many nights we four spent (his colleagues) reflecting on the situation of the Ummah (Muslim Nation); what stages it has passed through and the sickness that has reduced it to its present state. And we pondered on the cures for all the Ummah's illnesses."
On the 12th of February 1949, Sheikh Hassan Al Bannah was assassinated. No one was ever charged with the murder.
He died at the age of 43. His last daughter was born on the same day. Her mother named her "Esteshhaad" - martyrdom. Al Bannah's legacy is still active, and his movement has spread all over Muslim countries.
The Islamic revival manifest today in the Arab world owes its origin directly or indirectly to the Muslim Brotherhood Organisation, that was firstly established by Sheikh Hassan Al Bannah.
Source: therevival.co.ukH
assan al-Bannah was a man of modest background; he was born in Mahmudeyya in northern Egypt in 1905, and graduated from the famous Al-Azhar University in Cairo.Sheikh Hassan memorised the Qur'an at a very young age and eventually joined the Teachers Training Centre where after a three-year course he came first in his final examinations. He was admitted to Cairo University despite his young age, and that was because of his intelligence and breadth of knowledge.
The main inspiration that formed his religious involvement was from the 'Al Manar' magazine, which used to publish the writings of Muhammad Rashid Rida.
At the age of 21 Sheikh Hassan took the job of a teacher within a state school. In March 1928, the Imam, his brother and five others gathered at his house and swore to live and die for Islam. The foundation for the Muslim Brotherhood (Jama'at al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun) had now been laid. Initially it was a moderate one in its instruments, but changes in the political climate and reorientations in its ideology, made the Brotherhood active and involved in the Muslim countries' political concerns, from the late 1940's.
The first Brotherhood was basically a group of young men, stressing moral and social reform, promoting this through education and propaganda.
Al Bannah was also active writer. He wrote memoirs, as well as numerous articles and speeches preaching Muslims and trying to put them on the right path.
"Letter to a Muslim Student"
Among his most important books is "Letter to a Muslim Student". In this book, the dynamics and principles of the Ikhwan (Muslim Brotherhood) are explained: Hassan al-Bannah's greatest achievement was his ability to create a sophisticated, organisational structure aiming to translate his vision into real life. However what distinguishes the Ikhwan (Muslim Brotherhood) from other groups which were established in the twenties and afterwards is the former's holistic approach. The Muslim Brotherhood group was not merely a social, political or religious association or group, but a blend of all these. It was described by antagonists as a state within a state. By 1934, the Muslim Brotherhood had formed more than fifty branches in Egypt. They set up numerous schools, mosques and factories. At the end of World War Two, the Muslim Brotherhood had over half a million active members and around twice as many supporters (some sources say around 3 million).
The British used to ask Sheikh Hassan for tea, and always complimented him on his good character and his welfare work for the poor, the orphans and the widows. They explained that the world was very fragile and that Egypt must be built into a modern and prosperous state. They assumed that it was in the Muslim Brotherhood interest to get assistance from the British.
Al Bannah listened patiently, and then told the Ambassador that Egypt and all its money belong only to Egyptian people and that Britain's time in Egypt was coming to an end. Al Bannah was exiled to Upper Egypt in 1948. The Egyptian government of Al Noqrashi Pasha banned the Muslim Brotherhood despite the organisation having sent thousands of fighters in the war against Israel. A journalist asked Al Bannah about the ban and he replied: "...when words are banned, hands make their move." Shortly afterwards the Prime Minister was killed and the Muslim Brotherhood was accused in the case. In the following months the properties of the movement were confiscated and thousands of youth were imprisoned.
When Hassan al-Ban
nah was asked about why he commenced the work of da'wah (Islamic preaching), he answered: "Only Allah knows how many nights we four spent (his colleagues) reflecting on the situation of the Ummah (Muslim Nation); what stages it has passed through and the sickness that has reduced it to its present state. And we pondered on the cures for all the Ummah's illnesses."On the 12th of February 1949, Sheikh Hassan Al Bannah was assassinated. No one was ever charged with the murder.
He died at the age of 43. His last daughter was born on the same day. Her mother named her "Esteshhaad" - martyrdom. Al Bannah's legacy is still active, and his movement has spread all over Muslim countries.
The Islamic revival manifest today in the Arab world owes its origin directly or indirectly to the Muslim Brotherhood Organisation, that was firstly established by Sheikh Hassan Al Bannah.
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